memory

Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!


Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!

In my past few entries, I have talked about memory.

As mentioned, my artworks are a picture of recalled memory—from which we tell a story or recompose a narrative—how the data we receive is proximal to what we are immersed in or exposed to (family, friends’ points of view, news feeds, entertainment, books, ideas)—shaped by our thoughts and biases, etc. None of us think like anyone else or recall life experiences from the same perspective. 

I also mentioned conflation: a mixture of memories forming a new (conflated) memory. My current artworks are like this. Three to seven images are exposed over one another, using bits and pieces to make a new image that feels familiar but is an altogether unique picture contextually and visually. 

Here is an excellent story of memory conflation, and it happened to me just a week ago.

I was visiting the Bob Dylan Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma, and I was impressed by Dylan’s creativity. The Center focuses on speaking to us about Dylan’s creative process in a way we can relate his creative process to our own. I wanted to quote something I heard while watching a clip with Dylan talking about creativity. I wrote to the Bob Dylan Center librarian for the correct quote.

“Hello, BDA Librarian. I just visited the Bob Dylan Center and was inspired. I am a visual artist, and one of Bob’s quotes on creativity in the opening film affirmed my quote that ‘I only truly live when I am creating.’

I liked how Bob put it; ‘the act of creating was continuous, and that one was always in the process of self-creation. One would not want it any other way’, or some such. Do you know of the quote I am trying to recall?”

Here is the reply:

So glad you enjoyed the Center. Was this the quote?

“An artist has got to be careful never really to arrive at a place where he thinks he’s AT somewhere. You always have to realize that you’re constantly in a state of becoming. And, as long as you can stay in that realm you’ll sort of be alright.” — Bob Dylan.

That was the quote from the entry movie at the Center, and I remembered that quote. However, I must have thought of a different quotation, although this was close, indeed of the same gist. I wondered if 

I was paraphrasing and confusing Bob’s words with my experience as an artist and making some strange paraphrases that Bob had never said.

A few days later, while watching  Rolling Thunder, I heard Bob Dylan saying, “Life isn’t about finding yourself or finding anything. Life is about creating yourself and creating things.” — Bob Dylan.

I had heard that quote at the Bob Dylan Center, too. And this is a classic example of confusing two memories (two experiences) and my mind conflating the two into a paraphrase. Similar in context but something Bob Dylan never said nor anything I heard. Yet I could swear I heard him say it. 

And this is why memory is questionable in court cases. It is somewhat unreliable. A memory can easily be a story of something that never happened (confabulation) or fusing a couple of things remembered into a single occurrence (conflation). I may have done both those things in my strange paraphrase.

“the act of creating was continuous, and that one was always in the process of self-creation. That one would not want it any other way’” —Bob Dylan (didn’t say that!)


  • Hello & Welcome
    Greetings to the new blog portion of lefever.com
  • In The Beginning
    Curiosity bred invention that became quite the creative journey and developed an understanding of human perception.
  • Another Type Of Seeing
    Building on my previous post and making a memoir of how this multi-exposure style developed.
  • Circumstances 1
    I, for one, need stability in which to create. Sometimes circumstances dictate the course. This is a short story of an art in development.
  • Circumstances 2
    Sometimes a “NO” can be a blessing needed for new life. But who knows when in the middle of outrage?
  • Circumstances 3
    With 2020 an existential freakout and restriction like dark clouds break for a beam of light and new direction.
  • Circumstances 4 (conclusion)
    This is how some creative ideas develop as the developmental course gets blocked and altered by circumstance—but then: lightning.
  • Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!
    This is a fine example of memory conflation. Bob Dylan didn’t say that! What did Bob Dylan say?
  • Art Review: Chihuly
    Chihuly Glass: Oklahoma City, OK and Las Vegas, NV I… Read more: Art Review: Chihuly
  • Art Review: Schnabel
    My Favorite Painting in Aria, Las Vegas–And A Cup Of… Read more: Art Review: Schnabel
  • Art Review: Rauschenberg
    Robert Rauschenberg artworks to be found in plain view at the Bellagio Hotel, Las Vegas – A review.
  • InBloom
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.
  • AKHOB
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.

Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That! Read More »

Circumstances 4 (conclusion)


Circumstance Dictates Course

pt4. (Dancing With Muses)

Conclusion from the previous post:

It had been dark, and I had thought unexpected events terminated my multiple exposure series works just when I thought I was making progress.

So often in my career as an artist, this has been the case. And as I get older, these dark times seem more fatal.

Creative blocks are terrifying. Forced halts to a creative flow can be damaging to progressing an idea. And the anxiety that comes with a creative career can be overwhelming, especially in darker times. Forgetting circumstances and waiting for the muse seems like a waste of time (especially without hope). However, that inspiration, when it comes, is like finding a beam of light to hold. Holding faith that lightning will strike again and recharge a depleted outlook with illumination is essential, though the waiting seems bleak. Trust is not as easy as writing heroically about the solution after the fact. I only write now in triumph.

Inspiration did strike. My premise remained the same as before the lock-down, but my artwork gained a new flavor while restricted indoors. I was still “membering” data into experiential pictures, but now my “source playground” was my studio environment: the new artworks were more privately autobiographical than my previous selections found through incidental public observation. I was still forming proximal data into memory icons, but now it was with the things I had collected over time and had prior personal experience.

I liken these images to brain engrams—even shooting the same subjects in a different sequence or perspective alters the final appearance—as if revisiting the data developed a new engram. In theory, it is thought that memories work this way, rewriting each time we remember—either strengthening that memory or altering it if ever so slightly (like the game of telephone).

And here I was, revisiting information I had learned about; historical people I had forgotten. I ‘re-membered’ them as I constructed new contexts and relationships by making from them new artworks, artworks that carried fragments of a collective past. This way, they might be familiar to others as well.

The irony is I have photographed thousands of images rapidly in the moment of shooting to the degree that I can not recall what pictures were altered by in-camera compositing. The images are conflations (just like some of our memories over time). They start to look original to me (noncomposited). They are like stories we partially remember and confabulate with imaginary memories. They have a life of their own, changed in context and no longer related to the source images.

One friend described viewing these artworks as dreamlike: looking at the images is like waking with a dream from which you feel, all the while trying to recall and interpret the dream, which seems elusive but for the feeling.

All this to say, this is how some creative ideas develop as the developmental course gets blocked and altered by circumstance, and circumstance solutions inspire growth and even insight.

Ideas aren’t always deliberate. They certainly aren’t for me. But the will is intentional and strives to create something. The process for me is dynamic, for sure. I wish I could sit down in advance and make a thesis and strategy, but my way is akin to tripping and falling forward. My artistic development changes as negative or positive circumstances impact my will to stay creating. It is a struggle at times and a progressive process that, in my case, gets promoted by discovery and development.

Much like life.


  • Hello & Welcome
    Greetings to the new blog portion of lefever.com
  • In The Beginning
    Curiosity bred invention that became quite the creative journey and developed an understanding of human perception.
  • Another Type Of Seeing
    Building on my previous post and making a memoir of how this multi-exposure style developed.
  • Circumstances 1
    I, for one, need stability in which to create. Sometimes circumstances dictate the course. This is a short story of an art in development.
  • Circumstances 2
    Sometimes a “NO” can be a blessing needed for new life. But who knows when in the middle of outrage?
  • Circumstances 3
    With 2020 an existential freakout and restriction like dark clouds break for a beam of light and new direction.
  • Circumstances 4 (conclusion)
    This is how some creative ideas develop as the developmental course gets blocked and altered by circumstance—but then: lightning.
  • Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!
    This is a fine example of memory conflation. Bob Dylan didn’t say that! What did Bob Dylan say?
  • Art Review: Chihuly
    Chihuly Glass: Oklahoma City, OK and Las Vegas, NV I… Read more: Art Review: Chihuly
  • Art Review: Schnabel
    My Favorite Painting in Aria, Las Vegas–And A Cup Of… Read more: Art Review: Schnabel
  • Art Review: Rauschenberg
    Robert Rauschenberg artworks to be found in plain view at the Bellagio Hotel, Las Vegas – A review.
  • InBloom
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.
  • AKHOB
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.

Circumstances 4 (conclusion) Read More »

Circumstances 3


Circumstance Dictates Course

pt3. (Restriction Brings Enlightenment)

Continued from the previous post:

And then, 2020: COVID-19 and government-ordered isolation.

I was already in an Empathy Loop, feeling the loss of my memories. A post-dementia experience with a relative had me unraveled. My paradigm of self was shaken and weak as a result. I wondered about the fragile assumptions we all carry of ourselves and our lives, of the permanence of our identities—about the life stories we tell that define who we are, markers of our prior existence to our current moment and age—about who we are when we lose our memories of self and the others to whom we relate and measure our worldly time. With those memories gone, who are we? Who are we but for our memories other than the most basic of animals? And what if all we know, we can’t recall?

A great existential freak-out for me.

I was already struggling with this identity paradigm shift when Las Vegas was mandated closed. And now, all my usual locations are no longer available for picture resource mining. The one thing that balances me—creating visual images and making art—was stopped. I again found myself in that situation of having nowhere to make my multiple exposures. Furthermore, isolated by mandate and a stoked fear, I could feel an overbearing sense of external behavior modification being implemented.

I needed to take the work I started with the triple exposures photo abstractions to a conclusion, but I had already resourced Vegas architecture, the monorail, and signage. Nature didn’t work for me. And now, quarantined in my studio space, I had no resources to multiple-expose abstract photos. Again, circumstances interfered with my creative progress.

I figured I had time on my hands and would study all the photo magazines I had been given years ago but never had the time to sit with and enjoy. So with nobody working due to the shutdown, this would be a vacation where I could do the leisurely things I always thought I might do if faced with free time. My library was full of things I had learned from and been inspired by. I would replenish myself with all the art history I had forgotten

Sitting on the floor by the front door where the light shone romantically from a side window, I sank in with a stack of gifted Aperture magazines to begin my reorientation with my past and the legacy of great photographers and artists.

It only took fifteen minutes before I realized that all the things I was finding in the vintage stores, books, magazines, glasses, and bric-à-brac were no different than what was in my studio. I started gathering what I considered implementable resources into piles and stacks, depleting my supply of sticky notes.

Before this time, I had pulled my triple exposures from various environments through discovery abounding in an ever-changing world guided by the principle that I would change or arrange nothing—only shoot things as I found them—an observational, journalistic approach. Now I was shifting to being a bit more intentional. I would change to a more deliberately targeted style of shooting.

I started photographing the objects and pictures proximal to me and in proximity to each other selectively from my cache of permanent personal resources. These resources from which I had formed my ideas, been inspired, and shaped my thoughts and beliefs throughout my years.

These were now the muses of my imaginative play.

(continued in part 4 — conclusion ).


  • Hello & Welcome
    Greetings to the new blog portion of lefever.com
  • In The Beginning
    Curiosity bred invention that became quite the creative journey and developed an understanding of human perception.
  • Another Type Of Seeing
    Building on my previous post and making a memoir of how this multi-exposure style developed.
  • Circumstances 1
    I, for one, need stability in which to create. Sometimes circumstances dictate the course. This is a short story of an art in development.
  • Circumstances 2
    Sometimes a “NO” can be a blessing needed for new life. But who knows when in the middle of outrage?
  • Circumstances 3
    With 2020 an existential freakout and restriction like dark clouds break for a beam of light and new direction.
  • Circumstances 4 (conclusion)
    This is how some creative ideas develop as the developmental course gets blocked and altered by circumstance—but then: lightning.
  • Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!
    This is a fine example of memory conflation. Bob Dylan didn’t say that! What did Bob Dylan say?
  • Art Review: Chihuly
    Chihuly Glass: Oklahoma City, OK and Las Vegas, NV I… Read more: Art Review: Chihuly
  • Art Review: Schnabel
    My Favorite Painting in Aria, Las Vegas–And A Cup Of… Read more: Art Review: Schnabel
  • Art Review: Rauschenberg
    Robert Rauschenberg artworks to be found in plain view at the Bellagio Hotel, Las Vegas – A review.
  • InBloom
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.
  • AKHOB
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.

Circumstances 3 Read More »

Circumstances 1


Circumstance Dictates Course

pt1. (Stability and Adjustment)

As a creative professional, I try to limit disruptive variables that interfere with creative stability. Creative variables are okay, however.

Sometimes, circumstances dictate I stop what I am doing. But those can lead to a creative blessing (though, at the time, it does not feel as such).

As previously noted, I began playing with multiple-exposure photographs in 2017. That style and process were developing into an understanding of how the brain might see an image from all the acquired information from a darting eye: focusing on different parts of an environment and taking mental note as to what is where, the time of day, the moving pieces in ‘space-time.’ (A bit strange and Einsteinian, right?).

Our eyes are not a camera and do not see from a single point, a shutdown aperture, or make a still capture in 1/500th of a second. Our eyes feed visual and physical data to our brain, and the brain composes our understanding of the environment we find ourselves in.

Our eyes constantly scan and refocus, and our brain is “membering.” Add to this our other senses, and all that information is stored for quick short-term analysis (short-term memory) or later recall of that instance (long-term memory). Our brain takes that data and constructs a recognizable description to recognize what is safe or hostile so that we can navigate and interact within our environment and with those in it.

Think of those who lose their short-term memory and can not recall what they just heard or saw. Everything is new, as if being discovered for the first time over and over. Our brains hold together all the data our senses collected, especially and to the most considerable degree, our visual data.

And further, add to that our interpretation of all the data we collect in proximity. We are always proximate to our internal beliefs. That is, we see with bias. Cognitive biases from our prior experiences, from previous data (be it family upbringing, religious, political, trauma, education, news sources, emotional coloration, etc.).

My creative work and discovery continued on the path of exploring my backyard, which happens to be the casinos on the Las Vegas Strip: from the Wynn to the Aria on both sides of the street. I was content with this and went out once a week to gather new data from new circumstances of the ever-changing landscape that is the Las Vegas Strip.

But then continuing events would change the direction my art was taking.

(continued in part 2).


  • Hello & Welcome
    Greetings to the new blog portion of lefever.com
  • In The Beginning
    Curiosity bred invention that became quite the creative journey and developed an understanding of human perception.
  • Another Type Of Seeing
    Building on my previous post and making a memoir of how this multi-exposure style developed.
  • Circumstances 1
    I, for one, need stability in which to create. Sometimes circumstances dictate the course. This is a short story of an art in development.
  • Circumstances 2
    Sometimes a “NO” can be a blessing needed for new life. But who knows when in the middle of outrage?
  • Circumstances 3
    With 2020 an existential freakout and restriction like dark clouds break for a beam of light and new direction.
  • Circumstances 4 (conclusion)
    This is how some creative ideas develop as the developmental course gets blocked and altered by circumstance—but then: lightning.
  • Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!
    This is a fine example of memory conflation. Bob Dylan didn’t say that! What did Bob Dylan say?
  • Art Review: Chihuly
    Chihuly Glass: Oklahoma City, OK and Las Vegas, NV I… Read more: Art Review: Chihuly
  • Art Review: Schnabel
    My Favorite Painting in Aria, Las Vegas–And A Cup Of… Read more: Art Review: Schnabel
  • Art Review: Rauschenberg
    Robert Rauschenberg artworks to be found in plain view at the Bellagio Hotel, Las Vegas – A review.
  • InBloom
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.
  • AKHOB
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.

Circumstances 1 Read More »

Another Type Of Seeing


Another Type of Seeing

Building on my previous post and making a memoir of how this style developed—this “seeing differently” of considering how the brain pieces together data and forms an understanding of the world we occupy, identify, and claim as familiar. These photographs of mine are less scenic and more a mental capture.

Like many new things, the following understanding came to me due to limitations. My camera was the limitation. When set to shoot in multiple exposure mode, my camera reverts to single shot mode if and when the camera goes to sleep (due to a lapse in time for not tapping the shutter button). As a result, and not wanting to continually tap the shutter button in the middle of a sequence (or set the camera never to fall asleep), I would only photograph things within my proximal purview within a 30-60 second window. I would capture a document as my eyes dart around, mapping the environment, looking for elements of interest, and stitching them together as a pictorial representation of my visual experience: of the process of capturing data to my brain and how my brain might see the scene. I was at that time – at that moment, collecting a picture of my surroundings based on my eye reading a location and stitching together a relevant expression. The resulting image would mark my memory of that moment in that place—a mental shorthand.

It is important to note here that this is ‘selective’ seeing. Bias dictates my “seeing .” We only ever seem to see what we are looking for. My mental perspective, my motive for looking, is to make something artful in composition and, in some cases, contextually. My final multiple exposures represent the information I am proximal to at any given time, as led by my particular bias to make an artistic result. We all see what we are looking for among the data to which we are in approximation, and our bias influences that which we look for in that data. Not just what we see but also what we think. Chicken/Egg. Confirmation Bias? Nature, nurture, either, or both?

This process of how we form our perceptions of our world fascinates me. We see and make sense of the world we live in, good and bad, in how we stitch things together as our eyes dart about collecting data to our mind’s eye, according to some bias or programming we hold to—but I am ‘waxing.’ Excuse me. My thoughts tend to run away.

And in the running, as all ideas do, this idea evolves with consideration and the continued activity of the creative process. And that is something for my next blog post.

Below is a small gallery of works from walking around Las Vegas back at the beginning when my subject matter was less cerebral, social, or historical—before it became about memory, experience, and personal knowing. Then it was about buildings and noise and the vibrant energy of Las Vegas. And this style was a great way to capture it all.


Early Triple Exposures Around Las Vegas


  • Hello & Welcome
    Greetings to the new blog portion of lefever.com
  • In The Beginning
    Curiosity bred invention that became quite the creative journey and developed an understanding of human perception.
  • Another Type Of Seeing
    Building on my previous post and making a memoir of how this multi-exposure style developed.
  • Circumstances 1
    I, for one, need stability in which to create. Sometimes circumstances dictate the course. This is a short story of an art in development.
  • Circumstances 2
    Sometimes a “NO” can be a blessing needed for new life. But who knows when in the middle of outrage?
  • Circumstances 3
    With 2020 an existential freakout and restriction like dark clouds break for a beam of light and new direction.
  • Circumstances 4 (conclusion)
    This is how some creative ideas develop as the developmental course gets blocked and altered by circumstance—but then: lightning.
  • Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!
    This is a fine example of memory conflation. Bob Dylan didn’t say that! What did Bob Dylan say?
  • Art Review: Chihuly
    Chihuly Glass: Oklahoma City, OK and Las Vegas, NV I… Read more: Art Review: Chihuly
  • Art Review: Schnabel
    My Favorite Painting in Aria, Las Vegas–And A Cup Of… Read more: Art Review: Schnabel
  • Art Review: Rauschenberg
    Robert Rauschenberg artworks to be found in plain view at the Bellagio Hotel, Las Vegas – A review.
  • InBloom
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.
  • AKHOB
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.

Another Type Of Seeing Read More »

In The Beginning


Curiosity Breeds Invention

Above is an image from the day my curiosity led me to the multiple exposures setting in my camera. It was while enjoying a Las Vegas buffet at the Wicked Spoon with friends. The subjects were glasses and spoons, and empty plates. My friends ignored my particular obsession and seemingly nonsensical images.

I was exploring.

I was playing.

I was discovering.

I was looking for a new direction for my photography.

I didn’t know it yet, but I soon realized that I was looking for a new way of seeing.

As the Cubists challenged vantage point perspective and the multi perspectives of physical viewing by which we describe any object in the physical world, I was looking at how we acquired data by proximity and formed that into a visual image or memory of our experience: a way of seeing by memory recall. After all, our seeing is not static and rewrites with every flick of the eye the scene that came before and is retained in our short-term memory to create a dimensional image in which we can ‘exist’ and engage. And then, some of those memories combined with meaningful moments are kept in our long-term memory and can be revisited, sometimes quite vividly.

This moment of exploration was the beginning of something new for me. What started that day, 3/19/2016 has continued, and here we are at the start of 2023, almost seven years later.

Curiosity bred invention that became quite the creative journey for me through several tributaries, art products, and themes, as well as a developing understanding of human perception.

Creative curiosity can often seem aimless but does occasionally lead to new insights. Play is vital to creativity. It is essential to allow oneself the time to wander into the creative aether despite the looming fiscal impracticality of it at the time.


  • Hello & Welcome
    Greetings to the new blog portion of lefever.com
  • In The Beginning
    Curiosity bred invention that became quite the creative journey and developed an understanding of human perception.
  • Another Type Of Seeing
    Building on my previous post and making a memoir of how this multi-exposure style developed.
  • Circumstances 1
    I, for one, need stability in which to create. Sometimes circumstances dictate the course. This is a short story of an art in development.
  • Circumstances 2
    Sometimes a “NO” can be a blessing needed for new life. But who knows when in the middle of outrage?
  • Circumstances 3
    With 2020 an existential freakout and restriction like dark clouds break for a beam of light and new direction.
  • Circumstances 4 (conclusion)
    This is how some creative ideas develop as the developmental course gets blocked and altered by circumstance—but then: lightning.
  • Bob Dylan Didn’t Say That!
    This is a fine example of memory conflation. Bob Dylan didn’t say that! What did Bob Dylan say?
  • Art Review: Chihuly
    Chihuly Glass: Oklahoma City, OK and Las Vegas, NV I… Read more: Art Review: Chihuly
  • Art Review: Schnabel
    My Favorite Painting in Aria, Las Vegas–And A Cup Of… Read more: Art Review: Schnabel
  • Art Review: Rauschenberg
    Robert Rauschenberg artworks to be found in plain view at the Bellagio Hotel, Las Vegas – A review.
  • InBloom
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.
  • AKHOB
    Bellagio Gallery of Fine Art, presents a wonderful show, In Bloom, curated from the Santa Fe TIA Collection.

In The Beginning Read More »

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